Title IOMMMS Global Materials Forum: Materials in a Green Economy
Writer ÀÌ¸í¼· Â÷Àå
Date 2012-02-08
E-Mail jkim@kim.or.kr

IOMMMS Global Materials Forum: Materials in a Green Economy: An International
Perspective: Session I
Sponsored by: The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS: Materials and Society
Committee, TMS: Public and Governmental Affairs Committee
Program Organizers: Sanak Mishra, Arcelor Mittal India; Jud Ready, Georgia Tech; Christina
Meskers, Umicore

Monday PM
March 12, 2012
Room: Northern A4
Location: Dolphin Resort

Session Chair: Sanak Mishra, ArcelorMittal India Limited; Diran Apelian, Worcester
Polytechnic Institute

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2:10 PM Invited
The Role of Materials Recycling in Economic Sustainability: Brajendra Mishra1; Warren
Hunt2; 1Colorado School of Mines; 2Executive Director, The Minerals, Metals & Materials
Society
As the enabler of technologies and industrial growth, materials play a pivotal role in global
economic sustainability. The current global materials consumption by one estimate is over
twelve billion metric tonnes and is expected to reach twenty billion by the middle of this century.
This presentation will summarize the findings and recommendations pertaining to resource,
recovery and recycling of materials and will focus on optimum engineering solutions to achieve
economic, environmental and energy sustainability in manufacturing. These integrated
manufacturing solutions to challenges for green economy encompass several interrelated areas,
such as the transportation, energy, recycling, housing, food, water, and health sectors. Nonrenewable
materials recovery and recycling are the primary needs to sustain green economy.
Specific information will be included on the nucleus of a consensus definition of sustainability as
it applies to materials engineering to provide a common basis for deliberation.

2:30 PM Invited
Innovative Developments in Steel Industry to Address Global Environmental Trends:
Debashish Bhattacharjee1; 1Tata Steel Research Development & Technology
The global trends in environment are characterized by scarcity: Scarcity of water, energy and
raw materials. As the world population is forecasted to increase enormously, the pressure is put
on finding sustainable solutions for energy and clean water for the increasing population.
Sustainable energy solutions include exploiting renewable energy sources that will not contribute
to the climate change. It also means reducing energy consumption and eliminating wastes. This
paper presents examples of innovative development work carried out in Tata Steel to address the
global trends in environment.When it comes to renewable energy resources, solar energy is
emerging as the most promising source. Work is carried out worldwide to find effective and
affordable technologies for harvesting this uninterrupted energy source. Tata Steel is working on
advanced technology for harvesting solar energy efficiently.

2:50 PM Invited
Recent Development of Materials for Green Energy in Korea: Soon Young Hwang1; Jin-
Hong Kim1; 1RIST
For the last few years, intensive materials developments for green energy have been made in
Korea. In this presentation, recent progresses of developments will be presented including Si,
SiC materials and sodium sulfur batteries, and Li-ion battery materials in Korea. For
photovoltaics, poly-silicon is the major material, and several new plants have recently been
constructed employing the Siemens process. However, a new economical silicone production is
being developed such as a metallurgical method. For SiC materials, grand new projects have
been initiated to develop semiconducting SiC materials with a number of institutions using
various industrial methods. For a energy storage system (ESS), sodium sulfur battery, Li-ion
battery, and redox flow battery developments have been also started to reach more than 1 MW
generating capacity. Finally, government road maps of green energy materials developments will
be shown as a summary.

3:10 PM Invited
Developing High Performance Steels in a Green Economy: Chengjia Shang1; Yuqing Weng2;
1University of Sicence and Technology Beijing; 2The Chinese Sciety for Metals
Reduce, reuse and recycle are the principles for eco-material which will be fundamental of
green economy in future. Steel has many advantages, but the metallurgical processes generally
relates with resource and energy consumption, CO2 emission, etc. Therefore, how to reduce the
consumption of steel would be key issue for green economy, especially in the developing
country. In China, with the developing of economy in the past 30 years, steel production is
increasing more and more. However, comparing with the developed country, the annual
consumption for population is still very low. Therefore, reducing steel requirement by increasing
strength and other performance will be the only route for meeting the growing requirement of
steel. With the R&D projects aiming to double strength, prolong the life serving time and
upgrade safety/durability of steels which funded by goverment and industries, high performance
steels have been developed for fast development of economy in China.

3:30 PM Invited
An Alternative Approach to Sustainable, Low-Carbon Energy: Inertial Fusion Energy and
its Materials Challenges: Tomás Díaz de la Rubia1; 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Increasing worldwide demand for energy is placing enormous pressure on natural resources,
the global ecosystem, and international political stability. Alternative sources of energy are
required in order to meet increased energy demand, stabilize the increase of atmospheric carbon
dioxide, and mitigate the concomitant climate change. In response to this challenge, governments
are urgently trying to develop new economical, sustainable, and environmentally friendly energy
technologies. In fact, meeting CO2 targets and clean energy goals by 2050 requires accelerated
development, prototyping, and deployment of new, competitive, low-carbon energy
technologies. Business as usual will not do. In this contribution, I will describe how advances
and progress at the National Ignition Facility help enable the development and commercial
deployment of Inertial Fusion Energy. The NIF is expected to achieve thermonuclear ignition
and burn of at DT fuel mixture before the end of 2012.

3:50 PM Break

4:05 PM Invited
Metals, Materials and the Environment: Ranjit Panigrahi1; 1M.N. Dastur & Company(P) Ltd
Metals and materials play a dominant role in the overall global socio-economic development.
Increasingly exacting demands for newer, high quality materials with special properties and high
degree of performance reliability have rapidly impacted the perspective pertaining to engineering
and technology, and have, in turn, changed the concept and perception of metallurgy in recent
times. Once largely confined to the development of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, stringent
application requirement have today encompassed newer fields such as glass, ceramics, polymers
and composites. Metal today are a part of the vast spectrum of engineering materials. This has
widened the scope and opportunities for new generations of materials scientists and engineers.
The role of materials scientists in improving the quality of life of our planet, without
significantly impacting its environment, have assumed greater importance, and has become one
of the most discussed issues.

4:25 PM Invited
A Strategy of Metal Supply for Sustainable Development and Supporting Technologies for
It in Japan: Takashi Nakamura1; A. Inaba2; 1Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for
Advanced Materials; 2Major of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
What are the most serious environmental issues in this century? There are, of course, several
answers which depend on personality. ¡°Global Warming, Climate Change¡± is expected as a most
average answer. It is no doubt to be serious. Another answer is also to supply foods and water.
These problems are also essential to keep lives. And I would like to add one more to them, which
is a stable sustainable supply of mineral resources because most human beings live in the
circumstances which are mainly consist of artificial products including many metallic products.
So, we are living in natural environment with artificial circumstances. We can¡¯t return to old
historical lives. How we can success to do harmonious coexistence between keeping
environment and economic growth, which is a trade off relation very often.

4:45 PM Invited
Multi-Eye Approach for Clarification of Surface/Interface Phenomena in Environment and
Energy Materials: Kotobu Nagai1; 1National Institute for Materials Science
Key issues of environment and energy materials are muliti-phase, noneqilibrium, non-steady
processes at surface/interface of functional materials. NIMS-GREEN(Global Research Center for
Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science) is a national project of compact size
with the mission to explore new methodology for solution of the key issues above-mentioned.
The convergence of three research fields of materials process,characterization and computation is
a basic structure and they are developing various " Environment Cells" to in-situ simulate the
real action of surface/interface with various characterization equipments. The model computation
will be applied to recognize the real phenomena using the experimental data.

5:05 PM Invited
Aluminium Production, Manufacturing and Recycling in Australia – Materials Innovation
for a Clean Energy Future: Malcolm Couper1; 1Monash University
According to the Australian Aluminium Council (AAC) Sustainability Report for 2010,
bauxite production reached a record 71.5mill tonnes and additional value was added with the
production of 20.3mill tonnes of alumina and close to 2mill tonnes of aluminium. CO2 emissions
per ton of aluminium were down 10% from 2009. Around 80% of the alumina and aluminium
production is exported and the industry provides direct and indirect employment for around
45,000 people in Australia. The potential rising cost of carbon and possible uncertainty in the
allocation of permits and future carbon trading present risks to emission-intensive trade exposed
(EITE) industries. Some of the innovative materials developments under way in support of the
necessary changes to the aluminium industry in Australia and globally, will be described.

5:25 PM Invited
Natural Fiber Composites – Significant Contribution to a Green Economy: Sergio
Monteiro1; Marc-Andre Meyers2; João Carlos Miguez Suarez2; 1State University of the Northern
Rio de Janeiro - UENF; 2Military Institute of Engineering;Brazilian Association for Metallurgy,
Materials and Mining
Technological expansion supported by advanced materials, mainly those synthetic and nonrenewable,
is contributing not only to the global industrial growth, but also to a continuous
deterioration in our environmental conditions. All over the world, attention is being focused on
the development and application of eco-friendly materials as steps taken toward a green
economy. Natural fibers obtained from cellulose-based plants are typical examples of
environmentally correct materials. Reinforcement of polymer composites with these
lignocellulosic fibers is increasingly regarde as a viable alternative to synthetic fiber
reinforcement. Biocomposites found in nature are also being investigated as model for new
industrial materials with superior properties. This work presents an overview of the research
efforts to develop stronger natural composites as well as their already existing successful
industrial applications. In addition to technological advantages, the worldwide economical,
social and environmental contribution of these natural composites to a ¡°green¡± society is
assessed.

 
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